Cost of Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis
The cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is mainly composed of electricity cost and equipment cost. The following is a detailed introduction:
1. Electricity cost:
- Proportion: Generally speaking, electricity costs account for more than 70% of the total cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, which is the main cost component.
- Influencing factors: The cost of electricity depends on the local electricity price. The electricity prices in different regions and at different times vary greatly. The use of renewable energy power (such as solar energy, wind energy, etc.) can reduce the electricity cost to a certain extent, but the stability and sustainability of renewable energy power generation have an impact on the efficiency of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. For example, if the industrial electricity price in a region is high, the electricity cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis in the region will increase accordingly; if the local abundant renewable energy can be used to generate electricity and use it for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the electricity cost will be reduced. It is estimated that 1 kg of hydrogen production by water electrolysis consumes about 35-55 degrees of electricity.
2. Equipment cost:
- Electrolyzer: The electrolyzer is the core equipment for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and its cost accounts for a large proportion of the equipment cost. The costs of different types of electrolyzers vary greatly. For example, the price of alkaline electrolyzers is relatively low, while the price of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers is relatively high.
- Other auxiliary equipment: In addition to electrolyzers, supporting separation and purification systems, power systems, hydrogen pipelines, hydrogen storage facilities and other auxiliary equipment are also required. The investment and maintenance costs of these equipment will also increase the cost of hydrogen production.
3. Other costs:
- Operation and maintenance costs: including the costs of regular maintenance, overhaul, replacement of parts, and labor costs of equipment.
- Raw material costs: such as the procurement costs of raw materials such as electrode materials, electrolytes, and diaphragms. Although they account for a relatively small proportion of the total cost, they are also a part that cannot be ignored.
Overall, the cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis in China is relatively high at present. The cost of hydrogen production by alkaline and proton exchange membrane water electrolysis is about 20-30 yuan/kg, which is much higher than the cost of hydrogen production by fossil energy. However, with the decline in the cost of renewable energy, the advancement of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology and the promotion of large-scale production, the cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is expected to gradually decrease.
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