Artificial Valve

An artificial heart valve is an artificial organ implanted in the heart to replace the original heart valve and allow blood to flow in one direction. The heart contains four valves: the aortic valve, the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve, and the pulmonary valve. Normal valves promote directional blood flow. Due to congenital dysplasia or various other diseases, the anatomical or functional abnormalities of the heart valve and its accessory structures are caused, resulting in single or multiple valve stenosis or insufficiency, the normal blood flow will be disturbed, resulting in cardiac hemodynamics. Significant changes in science, and a series of symptoms, that is, the occurrence of valvular heart disease.

The surgical treatment of heart valve disease can be divided into valve repair (plasty) and valve replacement. Valvuloplasty is used to repair mildly diseased valves, mostly using valve clips or angioplasty rings. When the heart valve disease is serious and cannot be improved by separation surgery or repair surgery, artificial heart valve replacement is required. Current artificial heart valves are divided into surgical valves and interventional valves according to the placement route; mechanical valves and biological valves according to valve materials.

Before the use of artificial heart valves began in the late 1950s, there was little hope for patients with moderate to severe valve disease.

From the perspective of surgical development, from the high-risk thoracotomy valve repair and valve replacement surgery in the 1950s to the 1970s, to the minimally invasive heart valve surgery in the 1990s, to the post-21st century transcatheter valve intervention (TVT) ) surgery, valve surgery is gradually becoming less invasive, and TVT is accepted by more and more doctors.

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